The Canadian Justice System V.s. Aboriginal People :: essays research papers

The Canadian Justice System v.s. Aboriginal PeopleTopic Be it resolved that the Canadian arbiter system be significantly changed.The Canadian justice system has failed the Canadian people. It hasfailed the aboriginal people of this nation on a massive scale. The damagejustice system has been insensitive and inaccessible, and has arrested andimpris geniusd aboriginal people in grossly disproportionate numbers. Aboriginalpeople who are arrested are more presumable to be denied bail, spend less time withtheir lawyers, and if convicted, are more likely to be incarcerated.It is not merely that the justice system has failed aboriginal peoplejustice has in addition been denied to them. For more than a century the rights ofaboriginal people have been ignored and eroded. The result of this denial hasbeen injustice of the most profound kind. Poverty and powerlessness have beenthe Canadian legacy to a people who once governed their own affairs in self-sufficiency.A significant part of the problem is the inherent biases of those withdecision-making leave in the justice system. However one understandsdiscrimination, it is clear that aboriginal people have been subject to it.They clearly have been victims of the openly hostile bigot and they have alsobeen victims of discrimination that is unintended, but is rooted in police andlaw.Two specific incidents in late 1987 and early 1988 clearly illustratethis unacceptable discrimination. The first of these was the November 1987 psychometric test of two men for the 1971 murder of Helen Betty Osborne in The Pas Manitoba.While the trial established that four men were present when the young aboriginalwoman was killed, only one of them was ultimately convicted of any crime.Following the trial, allegations were made that the identity of the fourindividuals who has been present at the killing was widely known in the localcommunity.On inch 9, 1988, J.J. Harper, Executive Director of the Island LakeTribal Council, died following an encounter with a City of Winnipeg policeofficer. The following day the police department exonerated the officerinvolved. Others, specially those in the provinces aboriginal community,believed that there were many questions which had been left unanswered by thepolice departments internal investigation.These two specific incidents are seen by many as troubling examples ofthe manner in which the Canadian justice system is failing aboriginal people.While the aboriginal people comprise 11.8 percent of Manitobas population, theyrepresent 50 percent of the provinces prison population.Canadas treatment of its first citizens has been an internationaldisgrace. Unless we take every needed step to redress this problem, thislingering injustice will continue to pack tragedy and suffering to aboriginal

The Theme of Loss in Shakespeares The Tempest Essay -- Tempest essays

The Theme of Loss in The Tempest Shakespeares play, The Tempest tells the story of a father, Prospero, who must let go of his daughter who brings his enemies low his power completely to release them and who in turn finally relinquishes his sway over his world - including his power over nature itself. The Tempest contains elements ripe for catastrophe Prospero is a controlling figure bent on taking revenge for the wrongs done to him, and in his fury he has the potential to destroy not only his enemies, but his own humanity and his daughters future. Throughout the play, Prospero is a figure who talks at rather than to the other characters, including his daughter Miranda, Prince Ferdinand, and Ariel, his airy servant. At the end of carry IV Prospero is caught up in the ecstasy of punishing and determining the fate of his foes. The beginning of Act V, however, marks a change in the character of Prospero, which averts a possible tragedy. Prospero is unsettled even though his plans are reaching fruition. In his talk with Ariel for the first time we see an actual conversation take place. In addition, in the line ...And mine shall. (Shakespeare V.i.20) we see a change of heart on the part of Prospero, and in the following monologue the audience is privy to self-examination and contemplation even beyond that of the end of the masque in Act IV We are such stuff as dreams are made on...(Shakespeare). ... ...est An Interpretation. In The Tempest A Casebook. Ed. D.J. Palmer. London Macmillan & Co. Ltd., 1968. 225. Kermode, Frank. Introduction. The Tempest. By William Shakespeare. Cambridge Harvard UP, 1958. xlii. Palmer, D. J. (Editor) The Tempest - A Selection of Critical Essays London MacMillan Press Ltd., 1977. Shakespeare, William. The Tempest. The Riverside Shakespeare. Ed. G. Blakemore Evans, et. al. Boston Houghton Mifflin Company, 1974. Solomon, Andrew. A Reading of the Tempest. In Shakespeares Late Plays. Ed. Richard C. Tobias and Paul G. Zolbrod. Athen s Ohio UP, 1974. 232. John Wilders lecture on The Tempest given at Oxford University - Worcester College - August 4th, 1999.

Allen Ginsberg and American Protest Literature Essay -- American Protes

BUNEA VALENTIN LEONARDGROUP 3A, ENGLISH-AMERICAN STUDIESALLEN GINSBERG, HOWL AND THE LITERATURE OF PROTESTAllen Ginsberg (1926-1997) was an important issue in the Beat contemporaries Movement that took place right before the revolutionary Ameri tin 60s. Other major mother writers (also called cramnicks) were Gregory Corso, Jack Kerouac and William Burroughs. The beat poetry was meant to be oral and very effective in readings. It developed out of poetry readings in underground clubs.(a beautiful image of these secret clubs can be found in the movie called Dead Poets Society with Robin Williams playing the main character). Some argued that it was the grandparent of rap music. The term Beat Generation was coined by Kerouac in the fall of the 1948 in New York City. The word beat referred loosely to their shared sense of spiritual exhaustion and diffuse feelings of rebellion against what they go through as the general conformity, hypocrisy and materialism of a larger society around them caught up in he unprecedented prosperity of postwar America.The beat poetry was the most anticanon form of literature in the United States. The poetry is a cry of pain and rage, a howl at what the poets see as the loss of Americas innocence and as a tragic waste.Allen Ginsberg was born in Newark, New Jersey. His parents were second generation Russian- Jewish immigrants, left-wing radicals raise in Marxism, nudism, feminism, generally in the modern revolutionary ideas of his times. This background certainly did influence his evolution as a revolutionary poet. His father, Louis Ginsberg, was a teacher and a poet, whose work was published in New York Times. During Ginsbergs childhood, his mother, Naomi Ginsberg, started to suffer from paranoia. She was institutionalized and nonethelesstually lobotomized. She died in an asylum in 1956. her life is the subject one Allens poem entitled Kaddish and which was written as a compensation of her funeral service.After he graduated a publi c high school, Ginsberg won a acquisition from Columbia University where he became a famous student, making friends with Williams Burroughs and Jack Kerouac. An... ...pGinsbergs style is not disciplined, but based on a spontaneous observation of ideas, violating all the current artistic canons, provoking a literary and social scandal. The powerfulrepresentations of the urban realities, of the language and matter of the urban streets were meant to induce powerful reactions of the reader. He brought the culture down to the level of streets and neighborhoods. Thats why the language and the images are obscene, including symbolism and direct references to oral and anal sex, homosexuality and drug use. We can even say that the form of the poem seems to be a self exploration, shaped after his own life.What Ginsberg manages to do is to freely express his attitudes the way they overwhelm him defiance, longing, terror, hysteria, prayer, anger, joy, exhaustion, culminating with insanity an d suicide.BIBLIOGRAPHYwww.sparknotes.comwww.questia.comUNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF STATE- OUTLINE OF AMERICAN LITERATURENORTON ANTHOLOGY

Understanding Religion Through Kurt Vonneguts Cats Cradle Essay

Understanding godliness Through Kurt Vonneguts Cats place of origin The following is issued as a warning from the author Kurt Vonnegut to the reader Any unrivaled unable to study how a useful religion can be founded on lies will not understand this book either(14). The latter reiterate is typical of Vonnegut in his usage of creating a personal narrative. Kurt Vonnegut Jr. was born in Indianapolis, like many of his voices, in 1922. His life from that point on tight resembles the lives of the people in his satirical novel Cats Cradle. Vonneguts mother committed suicide when he was twenty two years old and in many of his novels the character of the mother is dead. Vonneguts womb-to-tomb pessimism clearly has its roots in his parents despairing response to the depression (Allen 2). He was captured in WWII and was present in Dresden, Germany when it was bombed and set fire to, violent death 135,000 citizens. This later became th e substructure for Vonneguts greatest success Slaughterhouse-Five. Cats Cradle was published in 1963, and though it wasnt as big a success as Slaughterhouse, it became widely cognise as add to the counter-culture since it does in fact question and counter almost every part of our societys culture (Reed). One of the largest points of our culture brought into question in Cats Cradle is religion. Vonnegut himself is a Humanist, meat that he isnt sure of the existence of a God, but values life above all else. In his last novel Timequake, Vonnegut explains that he understands that humans motive religion as something to turn to for comfort and suppo... ... Literature). Columbia, SC University of SouthCarolina Press, 1991.Broer, Lawrence R., editor. Sanity Plea Schizophrenia in the Novels of Kurt Vonnegut (revised edition). Tuscaloosa, AL University of Alabama Press, 1994Huber, Chris. The Vonnegut Web. 14 Feb. 2002. 25 Feb. 20 02http//www.duke.edu/crh4/vonnegut/Klinkowitz, Jerome. Vonnegut in circumstance The Public Spokesmanship of Personal Fiction. Columbia, SC University of South Carolina Press, 1998.Reed, Peter J. Kurt Vonnegut, Jr., Warner Books, 1972.Vit, Marek. Marek Vits Kurt Vonnegut Corner. 4 Mar. 2002. 25 Feb. 2002http//www.geocities.com/Hollywood/4953/vonn.htmlVonnegut, Kurt . Cats Cradle. 1963. radical York Dell Publishing, 1988Vonnegut, Kurt. Mother Night. New York Fawcett, 1962.Vonnegut, Kurt. Timequake. New York Putnam, 1997 Understanding Religion Through Kurt Vonneguts Cats Cradle EssayUnderstanding Religion Through Kurt Vonneguts Cats Cradle The following is issued as a warning from the author Kurt Vonnegut to the reader Any one unable to understand how a useful religion can be founded on lies will not understand this book either(14). The latter quote is typical of Vonnegut in his usage of creating a personal narrative. Kurt Vonnegut Jr. was born in Indianapolis, like many of his characters, in 1922. His life from that point on closely resembles the lives of the people in his satirical novel Cats Cradle. Vonneguts mother committed suicide when he was twenty two years old and in many of his novels the character of the mother is dead. Vonneguts lifelong pessimism clearly has its roots in his parents despairing response to the depression (Allen 2). He was captured in WWII and was present in Dresden, Germany when it was bombed and set fire to, killing 135,000 citizens. This later became the basis for Vonneguts greatest success Slaughterhouse-Five. Cats Cradle was published in 1963, and though it wasnt as big a success as Slaughterhouse, it became widely known as contributing to the counter-culture since it does in fact question and counter almost every part of our societys culture (Reed). One of the largest points of our culture brought in to question in Cats Cradle is religion. Vonnegut himself is a Humanist, meaning that he isnt sure of the existence of a God, but values life above all else. In his last novel Timequake, Vonnegut explains that he understands that humans need religion as something to turn to for comfort and suppo... ... Literature). Columbia, SC University of SouthCarolina Press, 1991.Broer, Lawrence R., editor. Sanity Plea Schizophrenia in the Novels of Kurt Vonnegut (revised edition). Tuscaloosa, AL University of Alabama Press, 1994Huber, Chris. The Vonnegut Web. 14 Feb. 2002. 25 Feb. 2002http//www.duke.edu/crh4/vonnegut/Klinkowitz, Jerome. Vonnegut in Fact The Public Spokesmanship of Personal Fiction. Columbia, SC University of South Carolina Press, 1998.Reed, Peter J. Kurt Vonnegut, Jr., Warner Books, 1972.Vit, Marek. Marek Vits Kurt Vonnegut Corner. 4 Mar. 2002. 25 Feb. 2002http//www.geocities.com/Hollywood/4953/vonn.htmlVonnegut, Kurt . Cats Cradle. 1963. New York Dell Publishing, 1988Vonnegut, Kurt. Mother Night. New York Fawcett, 1962.Vonnegut, Kurt. Timequake. New York Putnam, 1997

State championship Essay -- Personal Narrative Sports Hockey Papers

State fight downship Bzzzza, Bzzzza, Bzzzza alright here we go, I think to myself, as I sleepily roll out of bed at 800am, on March, 4 2001. I put on some pants, a shirt, shoes and grab a coat. As quick as I am up, I am out (of) the door. I get in my car and make my way towards the hockey skating rink, for a team breakfast. The eight delicate car ride to the rink, I am thinking of only one thing, to take home a state championship this afternoon. I walk into the rink and I see my teammates sitting in a circle not talking, just slowly eating their carefully planned out carbohydrate ridiculous breakfast. I sit in the circle and look around as they on the whole give me reassuring looks. I say nothing as I slowly eat my bagel and raisons I am just thinking about the task in hand. When everyone is done eating the coach orders us to the storage locker room. Twenty, young, unconquerable hockey players file into the Shaker Raiders locker room, sit run throu gh quietly and patiently wait for the coach to make his speech. Padua, he starts, we are familiar with their line up. We were very familiar with their line up because we had played them four times earlier this season. In all four matches we lost. What has happened earlier this season, does not matter, he goes on. We are going to win this afternoon. I have put together a film of highlights from our previous games against them, which I think leave behind help us today. We watched the film, which went over specific plays we were supposed to run, and key players on Paduas team. One player, the film focused on a quid was their goalie. The film showed a play where their goalie, Wolf, let in consecutive goals over his left shoulder. We watched the play over ... ...so hard to get. The period kept winding down slower and slower, until finally there was 5 seconds-4-3-2-1, YEAAAAH, WHOAAAAH as we all ransacked our goalie. There was a huge pile and hugging on the ice which lasted for what seemed an hour. It had all paid forth. We did it, we accomplished our goal we were state champions. If it were not for all the hard work and determination there would have been no way that we could have pulled off this feat. It has changed me forever. Winning has done so in many ways. One I am a lot more confident, whether it is from the benefits of being a state champion or knowing that I accomplished a goal I set out to do. Also it has affected me because I know that if you are determined and work hard you can achieve anything you want to. I learned this through a game, a game that has changed my life.

State championship Essay -- Personal Narrative Sports Hockey Papers

State championship Bzzzza, Bzzzza, Bzzzza alright here we go, I think to myself, as I sleepily roll let on of bed at 800am, on March, 4 2001. I put on some pants, a shirt, piazza and grab a coat. As quick as I am up, I am out (of) the door. I get in my car and take a leak my way towards the hockey rink, for a team breakfast. The eight minute car ride to the rink, I am thinking of only one thing, to take central office a state championship this afternoon. I walk into the rink and I see my teammates sitting in a circle not talking, just easily eating their carefully planned out carbohydrate loaded breakfast. I sit in the circle and look around as they all provide me reassuring looks. I say nothing as I slowly eat my bagel and raisons I am just thinking about the labour in hand. When everyone is done eating the coach orders us to the locker room. Twenty, young, determined hockey free reiners file into the Shaker Raiders locker room, sit down quietly and patiently wait for the coach to make his speech. Padua, he starts, we are Familiar with their line up. We were very familiar with their line up because we had played them four time earlier this season. In all four matches we lost. What has happened earlier this season, does not matter, he goes on. We are going to win this afternoon. I have put in concert a film of highlights from our previous games against them, which I think will help us today. We watched the film, which went over specific plays we were supposed to run, and key players on Paduas team. One player, the film focused on a lot was their goalie. The film showed a play where their goalie, Wolf, let in consecutive goals over his left shoulder. We watched the play over ... ...so hard to get. The period kept winding down slower and slower, until finally there was 5 seconds-4-3-2-1, YEAAAAH, WHOAAAAH as we all ransacked our goalie. There was a huge pile and hugging on the ice w hich lasted for what seemed an hour. It had all paid off. We did it, we accomplished our goal we were state champions. If it were not for all the hard work and stopping point there would have been no way that we could have pulled off this feat. It has changed me forever. Winning has done so in many ways. One I am a lot more confident, whether it is from the benefits of being a state champion or knowing that I accomplished a goal I set out to do. Also it has affected me because I know that if you are determined and work hard you can achieve anything you want to. I learned this through a game, a game that has changed my life.

Development of the American Experience, Thomas Jefferson

This course is found on page 136, left column, fourth paragraph. This passage is employ by Thomas Jefferson to argue on the necessity of establishing a brass to replace the old structure of governance erected and maintained by the British crown. The passage establishes the basis for the dissolution of the American peoples political bands(Jefferson 136) and affiliation with Great Britain by stating that although changes in the governing should never be taken lightly, it is pitiful that many people argon likely to prefer and even tolerate the wrongdoings and evil deeds promoted in the existing system for the sake of familiarity.In general, people are afraid of the disruption brought about by systemic changes because they are afraid of uncertainty. However, they study to realize that it is their right to initiate changes in terms of government when thither is enough reason to do so, such as wanton abuse of power of leaders or corrupt practices or whenever any form of government be comes destructive or poses a hindrance to the achievement of human rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. (Jefferson 136)Jefferson observes that the prevailing conditions under the governance of the present king of Great Britain points to such considerateness of injuries and usurpations (Jefferson 137) which have severely impeded the political and social life of the American people. Clearly, Jefferson uses this line of argument to convince the people of the morality of self-governance and of declaring independence vis-a-vis the raise of being enslaved and virtually dependent on the British for political, social, and economic sustenance.By acknowledging the doubts and difficulties that surround the decision to break the ties with the long time British ruler, Jefferson and his followers wanted to arouse a sense of righteous anger in the face of the historical abuses committed by the king and his government. For instance, he reminds his audience of how the British ki ng has pillaged our seas, ravaged our coasts, burnt our towns, & destroyed the lives of our people. (138)In effect, Jefferson encourages his audience to rise up against the tyrannical form of government imposed by a foreign ruler through and through the systematic use of violence and violation of human rights. In bringing up the general hesitance of the populace, Jefferson mocks and prods them into recognizing the validity of separation and of establishing their own government as a last resort in the face of the continued refusal of the British king to petitions for redress.(139)It is evident from Jeffersons The Declaration of Independence that the need to form an freelance government is made inevitable in order to protect the inherent rights of the American people from another government which is exploitative and tyrannical. Undoubtedly, it is through this concept of shogunate in governance that societies are able to form their own distinct ideas of what a government or the state of social relations should be like.Thomas Jefferson would later(prenominal) expound on the meaning of tyranny through religious bigotry and intolerance when he proposes the passage of an act to establish religious freedom as a human right. (141) The necessity of enacting legislation to prevent religious tyranny, which presupposes the superiority of a single religion over others and promotes the propagation of religion through irresistible impulse and imposition of religious ideas and opinions over others, shows that the government functions as a regulatory mechanism for guaranteeing human rights, including ensuring that ones human right does not ransack another of his or her rights.Thomas Paine argues, for instance, thatgovernment, even in its best state, is a necessary evil (133) to demonstrate that government only becomes a social necessity when the members of ball club have become too corrupted and too selfish so that they must be forced to acknowledge and perform their obli gations toward others in order to pose peace and security, or when the people experience misery because of the intrusion of the government of another people.In many ways, both Jefferson and Paines conception of the role and relevance of the government as a social institution bears resemblance to the concepts explored by Rosseau in his thesis on the Social Contract, wherein he traces the historical roots of the birth of societies and governments, and describes the grand relationship between the government and the people or the sovereign. Like Rosseau, Jefferson and Paine condemns the impulse towards tyranny that promotes the clash between the minority and majority interest, as represented by the tendency of the few to promote their selfish interests at the expense of others.This is exemplified in Jefferson and Paines account of the American experience under British rule, wherein both authors remember the American people fully justified in announcing separation and in establishing a government of our own as our natural right. (Paine 135) Rosseaus influence on the conception of nationalism on American thinkers such as Jefferson and Paine is also evident in the concepts of territory and the boundaries of private and social property that the authors use to justify the call to revolt against British colonization.This is clearly stipulated in the reasons that Jefferson and Paine enumerates, wherein they invoke the inherent human right to self-determination. (Ibid) Indeed, Jeffersons argument on the right of the people to alter or to abolish a government based on its inability to protect the rights of the citizens and when it becomes an impediment towards the realization of full human development was made at a time when people lacked the confidence to believe that they were capable of governing themselves.However, Jeffersons concept of the right of the people to a government that fully reflects and represents their corporate interests and aspirations continues to resound to this day, when new forms of tyranny and new forms of oppression persists, oftentimes under the cloak of democracy or for the pursuit of human security.It is not a open of the mind to note the persistence of social problems such as intolerance and discrimination based on religion, gender, or social status, or the continued beggary experienced not only by the American people more so by the rest of the world, that effectively prevents the full realization of human rights and potentials that Jefferson and Paine have so boldly championed, and on which the democratic ideals of American society were built on.

The Mammy

Mammies, Matriarchs and Other Controlling Images Patricia Hill Collins slow Feminist plan Chapter Main Concepts As it relates to African-American women, the intersecting oppressions of hurry, class, gender and sexuality could not continue without powerful ideological justifications for their existence, which is perpetuated through controlling images. Controlling societal images is 1 of the many powers held by the dominant group ( discolor males) in the U. S. to manipulate ideas about fateful womanhood. Through the perpetuation of these controlling images of the dismal woman as the mammy, matriarch, welfare queen, jezebel/hoochie and cruddy lady, black women become objects instead of subjects ? i. e. domestic workers are often referred to as work mules/animals or girl Like other people of colour in and subordinate groups, black women are seen as the other in our society. By not belonging, black women emphasize the significance of belonging. ? ignominious feminist thought derives from this good-hearted of thinking, as a means to resist these controlling images.Black women insist on the right to establish and define their own reality Controlling Images and Black Womens Oppression During this slavery era images of black women were socially constructed to maintain their subordination Unlike Black women, white women were encouraged to possess four cardinal virtues piety, purity, submissiveness and domesticity ? ma Asexual, faithful, obedient domestic servant yardstick used to measure all black women behavior Image aims to influence maternal behavior raises children to know issue in society Matriarch Spends too much time out the home working overly the aggressive emasculates husbands and lovers unfeminine. Unlike mammy, she is the bad black begin Introduced in a government report on Black poverty in 1965 called the Negro Family The Case for National Action (Moynihan report) ? The report blamed black mothers for their childrens failures working le ad to a lack of anxiety and care delinquency Further asserts that slavery destroyed black families by reversing roles of men and women Black backlash- Diverts attention from the reality of political and economic inequalities that shape black children experiences ? Welfare Queen Makes use of social welfare benefits to which they are entitled by law senseless fails to pass on work ethic alone updated version of breeder woman during slavery This image provides justification for the efforts to control black womens rankness to the needs of a changing economy ? i. e. during slavery children were valued as property the more slave children you have the more assets you have After WWII black women and their children seen as a economical liability During the 1980s, despite Reagan and the Republicans opposition, Black women and children could not be soldiersd to work, and Black men dropped out of legitimate labor force ? Prison Industrial Complex ? Jezebel/ Hoochie Represents a deviant black female sexuality originated under slavery to justify the many assaults against slave women by white men ? These women are seen as having a strong sexual appetite which leads to an expected outcome of increased fertility Hoochie unlike the Jezebel is an image accepted by the Black community ? Three types of hoochie plain, gold digger, hoodrat Normal female heterosexuality is expressed in terms of true white womanhood unlike the black hot momma Because of black women sexual appetite is seen as inappropriate or worst, insatiable, black women are characterized as freaks and become stigmatized in society Black women sexuality and fertility is defined by the dominant group (white men) ? Black Lady Combination of the mammy and matriarch Claire Huxtable, The Cosby ShowControlling Images and Social Institutions Schools, news media and government agencies show important sites for reproducing controlling images usually based on the idea of black women having some kind of deviant se xuality ? Social science research support and teen pregnancy ? Popular culture Black hip hop music ? Accessibility to birth control measures Controlling images are also perpetuated in Black institutions ? Family, church and civic organizations are all sites where controlling images of black women are simultaneously resisted and reproduced.Color, Hair Texture and Standards of Beauty Despite the resistance of Black women to being objected as the other, controlling images still influence their lives, becoming even more visible. They impact how Black women interact with the world ? Speaking measuring rod/proper English somehow makes you less black i. e. I never think of you as black I dont see race when Im with you The binary thinking between Black and white beauty ? Thin, white, blonde hair and blue eyes are not stunning without the other, full lips, broad noses, dark skin and kinky hair White skin and straight hair privileges white women by being the exemplar of beauty No matte r what a Black woman subjective reality is, shell never meet the main stream standards of beauty All women in U. S. are objectified, and their value determined by how they look, but Black is the most un-American Black Womens Reactions to Controlling Images Historically African American belles-lettres by women generators usually provide a comprehensive view of Black women struggles to form positive self-definitions in face inferior images many a(prenominal) fictional characters of Black women have themes of pain, violence and death that make up their lives experiences of internalized oppression ? These characters use drugs, alcohol, excessive religion, and even retreat into madness to attempt to execute painful black female realities ? Denial is another response to controlling images Im not like the rest Black female writers also document the responses of positive self-definition by Black women ? The Color Purple (the conclusion) ? Waiting to Exhale ? How Stella Got Her Groove Back

Coming of Age Rituals

Itercresco Make-up. High heels. Driving. Shaving. Dating. These be most of the undertakings that accompany maturing and be plan of attack a raw adult in the horse opera society. For most in the western culture, the coming of age rite is the allowance of these freedoms. In other cases and cultures, the coming of age ritual is often based on deeply rooted traditions and a heightened sense of grandeur. Whatever they may be, coming of age rituals are integral to our society, to our inner growth, and to our development as people. In this generation, materialization people however, do not suddenly feel adult upon reaching the landmark legal ages.Instead, they view these ages as representing st inventioning points for adulthood rather than as things that immediately render them adult, (Waters 171). The coming of age rituals avail in wee-weeing a heightened sense of responsibility to young adults, which in turn benefits our society these rituals cause a person to feel oceansoned and a s if they are rightfully coming into their own. At this point in their lives, young adults are akin to baby sea turtles that have almost made it to the ocean they are crawling to the ritual that will make them an adult.Itercresco not only enables adolescents to discover their roots in the context of use of cultural traits, ghostly spirituality, and relevant philanthropy, which will assist them in becoming productive members of society. With attention to common perceptions of adulthood, Itercresco interlaces practices such as volunteerism and going to an art museum to encourage the youth to be emotionally, spiritually, physically, and financially independent. Itercresco the name is a combination of the Latin translations of the words growing and journey.The ritual, which occurs at the age of sixteen, involves sevener months sustainment in the country and town from which either the teenagers mothers or fathers family originates the young adults have the option to consider the re gion they wish to further explore. If there is still family living in the town or city, the teenager may spend one out of the seven months with the relatives if they allow them to. If the young adult no longer has family in that vicinity, they will live on their own and off of the land as much as possible for the duration of the seven months.The adolescents are sent away with seven thousand dollars and half of these funds must be used for philanthropic purposes. The abatement of the money must endure the seven months, but they are allowed to find work. In fact, acquisition of employment is highly encouraged, as it will further discharge attention to a responsible persona. The funds for the philanthropic aspect fucknot simply be donated it must be actively used to benefit the town or city. In this day and age, preparation of the nations youth for the fast-paced society they are subjected to is integral.Itercresco seeks to ready adolescents for the real world by exposing them to so ciety in a mature light and fashion. This generation requires a well-rounded persona in parliamentary procedure to be successful. Being cultured is imperative in our fraternity knowledge of classic literature, film, art, and music seems to be the necessity in the modern time. For example, trips to the Louvre in Paris and Gershwin Theatre in New York City substructure drastically provide bare-ass outlooks on life as well as knowledge not previously present.Self- baring and understanding on a religious level is also an integral aspect to being a productive member of society apprehension of ones inner self and a sense of self-awareness serve as foundations for being self sufficient and independent. Spending time immersed in learning around the spiritual aspects of different religions and examining ones own views on spirituality and religion can provide immeasurable wisdom and erudition. A simple trip to a mosque or synagogue can shed light on a myriad of beliefs and ideals that ma y shape ones future day outlook on life.Giving back to the community and having a sense of responsibility for ones environment is also an important aspect of being a contributing party to ones community. Anything from assisting with make homes for citizens displaced by natural disasters to singing for the elderly can spawn a sense of obligation to ones commonality and environment. Itercresco and its various parts successfully establish activities in lieu of producing and spawning successful and contributing members of society that can maintain stable employment and admirable relationships, for example.The coming of age ritual ensures that a sense of independence and stability will be met at the end of the journey because it requires tasks that build and cultivate accountability. At first glance, the young adults find the discovery of the cultural traits is most jocular in Itercresco. The new understanding of the clothing, music, and fine arts of their region of origin proves to be a refreshing aspect of the coming of age ritual. At least one concert must be attended as well as one dance performance, art indicate or exhibit, or heatrical performance. The young adult may or may not choose to adapt to clothing styles, but while attending shows or performances, he or she must wear garb similar or identical to the citizens of the province. In further examination of the cultural aspects of the region, the purpose of Itercresco seeks to educate and cling to young adults with their own roots and origins. Itercresco solicits a sense of feeling connected to ones heritage while ensuring the teenager is having a convivial experience.The exploration of the culture will help the adolescent to become more well-rounded and refined, which will in turn improve prepare them to participate and converse in effect in society. Self identification and spiritual discovery are the most important standpoints of Itercresco they give the young adult an opportunity to find out who the y are as a person, what they seek for their lives, and what they will rely on as their rock and stronghold. Itercresco encourages young adults to learn about the regional religion in order to expand knowledge of their own roots and even perhaps to positively influence the spiritual journey.By no means is the young adult to have the regional religion forced upon them the young adult is encouraged to take all religious leanings with a grain of salt and discover for him or herself what they need spiritually. To wagerer understand the regions roots, young adults learn and understand the common creation story the majority of the citizens believe. They can choose to unearth and learn about the creation story by asking family, neighbors, citizens, or by researching through books and other writings.The young adults are also expected to explore the ethereal quests of their ancestors to mitigate understand where they come from. They are also encouraged to journal their progress through thei r metaphysical ventures throughout the seven month duration. The purpose of this portion of Itercresco is to establish independence. Thinking and feeling for oneself, as well as having control and knowledge over ones emotions and religious or spiritual beliefs, is a earthshaking step towards adulthood and establishing ones aptitude.This autonomy is crucial to being an adult in our post-modern society. In a hypothetical sense, if a family tragedy of some sort occurred, a faculty over ones emotions and actions is expected. Hence, why personal understanding is promoted during Itercresco. The philanthropy aspect of Itercresco is the most personal of the discovery aspects. It takes the young adults heart and projects in into something that will benefit the community from which they inherit their culture.The young adults will choose something that is not only close to their hearts, but something that can truly benefit the community. The mission is to give back to the region that took par t in establishing their existence. During the philanthropy, if funds or resources fall short, they are responsible for recovering what they need to write out the philanthropy they can take donations or use any earnings from jobs they have done. The philanthropy can span from anythingfrom donating school supplies to building a garden to sustainably grow food. The possibilities are endless.The young adults choose a task that will touch their own lives as well as the lives of others in the community. The adolescent is not only performing the philanthropy to finish with the particular area of Itercresco. Every commonality has needs and Itercrescos foundation bases and prides itself on connection to heritage who better than to aid in fulfilling the needs of a populace than an individual whom derives their roots from said territory? After the philanthropy is completed, a book of photos and journals is compiled to aid future generations in their philanthropy.The community outreach is inte gral to Itercresco, as it will determine the compassion and service they are willing to give back to the community this is critical as this is what stands to be the backbone of society. Fulfilling the different areas of Itercresco combine to be beneficial to ones maturity as well as their inherent growth as a person. Discovering and spending time immersed in ones roots helps a person better understand ones heritage learned oneself guides who a person toward individualized identity.Young adults are meant to glean experience, knowledge, and a new sense of independence from Itercresco. Julia Alvarez soundly states in her work, Once Upon a Quinceanera, that her own ritual gave her a new community to belong to, a narrative I could follow into adulthood (37). This quote proves accurate for Itercresco as the ritual gives a new sense of established belonging to a community the young adult already had ties to. Itercresco is in pursuit of reintegrating the teenager into their society with a cultivated and sophisticate outlook on society, their lives, and their environments.The highlighted sense of responsibility, independence, and feeling of belonging of Itercresco provides immeasurable benefits and internal growth for the teenager moving into adulthood. Works Cited Barrios, Barclay. Once Upon a Quinceanera. Emerging contemporary Readings for Writers. Boston, MA Bedford/St. Martins, 2010. 228-48. Print. Waters, Mary C. Coming of Age in America The Transition to Adulthood in the Twenty-first Century. Berkeley University of California, 2011. Print.

Should Blood-Sports Be Banned?

I say its time that all deliberate cruel killing of animals for sport be banned by law. in that location is no excuse for causing immense pain and suffering to these creatures just for the sheer heck of it for fun and games. Okay, I know animals are killed for meat but theres a difference the animals in that situation CAN be treated humanely right up to the moment they are killed instantly. Im not saying thats an ideal situation. in that location are other objections to killing for meat but what concerns me in this posting is UNNECESSARY AND DELIBERATE CRUELTY TO ANIMALS FOR FUN.In Spain, bulls are tortured to death by universe stabbed with lances and darts and then taunted by the heroic Matador who kills him with a sword. In Ireland, lapins are captured and forced to act as bait for savage dogs at so-called cut across events. The animals are terrorised to amuse the spectators and many are mauled to death. Foxes are hunted with packs of hounds chased to exhaustion and then ripp ed to pieces, again for fun. Some nations or states allow cockfighting, dogfighting, razz baiting you name it. boththing you can think of that can inflict agonising pain and suffering on an animal is deemed sport by some garnish of people out there. Is shooting a cruel sport? It certainly is when the shot bird or animal, as often happens, is not killed by the roll of tobacco or pellets but just injured and left to die of its injuries. And theres the question of how line of credit sport fans behave towards other human beings. In his book swingeing Hare Days, Irish animal fortress campaigner and journalist John Fitzgerald toweringlights the violence and bullying to which opponents of organised cruelty to animals are subjected hey pay a high price for their compassion. In Ireland, campaigners have been severely assaulted, fired from their jobs for being against blood sports, and have suffered wrongful arrest at the hands of police who were leading members of hare coursing clubs. Fitzgerald addresses brilliantly the link between the violence and cruelty of blood sports and violence directed against human beings, and makes a powerful case for banning blood sports both on the railyard of animal cruelty and the risk to human safety and wellbeing inherent in these unskilled cruelties.I hope that someday recreational cruelty to animals IN ALL ITS SICKENING FORMS will be outlawed worldwide. I the meantime, I urge support for the campaign groups in various countries battling for the protection of animals from Fun Cruelty. However, there are some people who robustly disagree with my view, they feel that blood sports are a necessary part of lifetime and should continue. Many rural communities would be devastated by a ban on hunting. In Britain figures from the Field Sports Society estimate, that hunting is worth ? 175 million to the saving with some 11,000 jobs depending on the hunting industry.Whilst these numbers might seem relatively small as a percentage of the workforce, the jobs are concentrated in a small number of areas across the country. Hunting is also an integral part of effective wildlife management and makes a positive contribution to the countryside in general. Only those animals that are edible or pests are hunted and they would have to be killed anyway regardless of whether it was for sport or not. Hunting with dogs is not especially cruel as it is natural to many animals to be chased, and the adrenaline they experience limits their suffering.Hounds may rip a fox apart, but this only occurs after its death, which is usually very quick. In America, taxes collected from hunters are used to fund conservation work and monitor the number of animals that need to be killed each season. Evidence from America shows a strong positive correlation between increases in hunting and the numbers of game species, largely because hunting provides an incentive to protect land rather than manage it purely in the interests of agriculture. T o summarise, I personally am against blood sports and do feel quite strongly about my opinion.At the end of the day the test for whether beings should enjoy clean-living significance is their capacity to feel pain. Animals react in a way consistent with our understanding of what it is to be in pain they scream and avoid the radical of that pain. Research also shows that the pain sensing structures of animals nervous systems are similar to our own. A distinction cannot be made between animals and humans on grounds of intelligence since we dont consider the new-born, senile or mentally impaired to be non-human.Therefore, both humans and animals should enjoy equal moral consideration. Any attempt to distinguish between animals and people is speciesism. To say that animals deserve less consideration simply because they are animals is analogous to claiming that women deserve inferior treatment by virtue of their sex. The question is not, Can animals reason? Nor, Can they talk? But can they suffer. (Vicki Hearn, Whats Wrong with Animal Rights? )

Public Display of Affection

Nursing Care Plan Student Name/Date __Nicole Reinke/ Week 5_____________ Nursing Diagnosis Expected Outcomes Nursing Interventions/ precept Outcome Evaluation (Dx, related to, & as evidenced by) (Short term (8-48 hr. ) reasonable expectations List on the whole interventions for each nsg. dx (include patient/family (Patient outcome noted as met or unmet/responses stated in measurable, behavioral terms, i. . , teaching) described) action verbs) Risk for injury r/t seizures amb gait and balance Client testamenting remain free from locomote while in the Nurse pass on correct sure that the c altogether fallible is always in reach so This outcome of remaining slip away free was met while disorders. hospital. that the client does not have to be concerned about not knowing I was at the hospital. Everytime I went into the where the call light is when needing help. room I made sure the call light was on her table Nure go out place a High Risk for Falls grade abov e clients bed soand the footer was next to the bed.Client also that any person that comes into the room to help assist is aware report no move. of the safety measures that need to be taken. Nurse will determine risk for falls using the evaluation tool which includes client history of atrial fibrillation. Nurse will place the walker near the bed to remind client to use walker when getting up to go to the bathroom. Nurse will explain how to use the walker, by moving walker first and then move body to make sure client knows how to use the walker. Nurse will also teach the client the importance of using the walker when walking through the halls in order to prevent future This outcome of using the walker was partially Client will use a walker while in the hospital tofalls, this will also help promote activity and will give the met. When reminded the client would use the get to the bathroom in order to maintain safety. cli ent something else to do instead of laying in bed all day. walker but admitted not using it all the time. After teaching her the importance of using the walker and what could happen if she fell she said she would try to make it a habit. Nursing Diagnosis Expected Outcomes Nursing Interventions/Rationale Outcome Evaluation (Dx, related to, & as evidenced by) (Short term (8-48 hr. ) reasonable expectations List all interventions for each nsg. dx (include patient/family(Patient outcome noted as met or unmet/responses stated in measurable, behavioral terms, i. e. teaching) described) action verbs) 3. Client will be educated on how to reduce Nurse will assess for additonal factors leading to risk for This outcome was not fully met. I holded about risk of falls at home. falls because sometimes medications can increase risk for her house and the hazards that were there for falls. falls but I wasnt able to talk about using 2.Nurse will teach the client the benefit of using nonskid nonskid rugs or bathroom devices. But she rugs and safety devices in the bathroom. This is important to understands the importance and will ask her teach so that the client can recognize clutter and slippery daughter and physican when she is discharged. floors. 3. Nurse will instruct client and daughter how to correct determine hazards to make sure everything that could cause a fall is prevented.

Compare and Contrast Poems by John Donne and Michael Drayton Essay

The poem, To his coy mistress is very(prenominal) much Carpe Diem but the poet Andrew Marvell who wrote it was influenced by both metaphysical and Classical types of poetry, the way in the beginning of the poem he seems to talk about(predicate) things in a very slow way, walking, time slowing shovel in to try to woe the women in a much quicker, the poem also shows a lot of Petrachan influences as when Andrew Marvell says Thine eyes, and on thy forehead gaze and Thy beauty sh totally no more be found.The poem is very much more in use of words that show the women in which the poem is talking about as being a goddess as I said earlier this seems to play a large part in the poem. poem which is also very Carpe Diem is, to the virgins, to make much of time, this poem uses irregular (starvea) stress and unstressed words, but does have a regular amount of feet throughout the poem. The poem The Flea is very diametric to the other two before, it is a metaphysical poem which is much more in teresting, it uses a much more dialectic view of wooing a women.It uses the concomitant that as a flea has bitten both the poet and the women of whom he is in revere with, that it means that there are three dwells all together in one and that him and his sleep with almost more than maryed are. The structure of the poem uses the displace of each paragraph as a conclusion for what it has just been stating. The poem uses imagery as it describes the two lovers together in the Flea with its dark walls of Jet referring to the colour jet black as there is no light in the Flea.At the end of the poem it shows that the women is wanting to kill the flea and he is comparing himself to the flea and saying that the flea is innocent because all it has make is take a tiny prick of blood from her and is it in truth worth the fleas behavior. The poet is using the idea of persuasion on the women by using the flea as an example. When it comes to the conclusion of the last paragraph it shows the poets persuasion again for that by the women killing the flea it has taken a small bit of life away rom her as it bit her and took some of her blood. The poet is much more different to the preceding(prenominal) poets also as his persuasion has much more of a point to it, and uses a more intelligent argument against the women. The next poem was Song. To Celia, this is a incorrupt poem which emphasises carpe diem is interesting. The poem is not in a common dialectic structure, it does have a felling that the poem is mainly based on the, fast, quick, instant love at the start of the poem.The poem involves a very large part at the end of an affair scene where Ben Johnson writes Of a few household spies? Or his easier ears beguile, this is speaking about the servants of the house in which the women which the man is involved with stays at, that they will only have to trick the servants from seeing them together. The structure of the poem is done using rhyming couplets and a trochaic te trameter, the poem can be related to, to his Coy Mistress as it is also Carpe Diem.The poem, The Passionate Shepherd to His honor this poem is a very stereotypical one as it portrays an idealised view of the country, it shows a much pastured view of the countryside. The poem is trochaic and it keeps a level a,a,b,b pattern. The poet obviously did not have any view of the country and was probably a city person. The poem speaks about him and his love being whisked away into the countryside to live there in peace, with beds of roses for his love.The view of country is very much like a place that would be very hard to find in life it is a much idealised view. The poem Sonnet is a very strange one it does not have a set pattern for its troll and is very staggered. It involves the poet explaining all the different ways in which he loves the women in speaking. It uses classical influences with the poem having no persuasive felling to it. The poet uses Petrachan factors as the poet says about he loves all the aspects of the women, her breath, loving her freely, and purely.

Coffee Cafe Business Plan Essay

Caf Vancouver is a freshly hot chocolate shop at Granville and Robson Street in Vancouver Downtown. The hustle and bustle of downtown select a quiet, fast-paced life make people feel tired, we want our nodes to relax while tasteing a coffee berry. Caf Vancouvers afternoon team leave behind make the ruff effort to create a unique place where customers freighter get together with each other in a comfortable and relaxing purlieu while enjoying the best-brewed coffee or espresso and breakfast style treats in town. We volition be in the business of percentage our customers to relieve their daily stresses by providing pause of mind through great ambience, convenient place, friendly customer profit, and products of consistently high quality. We welcome guests of in all ages we atomic number 50 guarantee each guest to enjoy high-quality coffee. Vancouver Downtown has many companies, offices and shopping centers, with a strong customer base and revenue opportunities. Meanwh ile, 365 days a year we depart throw no holiday leave, to make sure that we have opportunity to serve guests at any time. We in addition have a pragmatic management team.Head is the General bus he has a degree in Economics from the Russian Far Eastern University, and has to a greater extent than six years of induce in business routines. He is the general manager, and a cafe investor. Team1 supervisor is Supervisor1 with four years of broad experience head for the hillsing at coffee shops and restaurant industry. Team2 supervisor is Supervisor2 he has 2 years of experience in the restaurant industry. We provide training for up to three months, including lodge culture, coffee brewing, food safety, and so on. All employees of our company pull up s recurrences be headspring-trained and enthusiastic moderator. The monetary position of the company is essential to develop the companys financial data, including investment, net derive and so on. After the financial position and profitability assessment, in three years of operation, we expect to have profit of about 818,700 dollars (net profit after tax), with average annual net profit of 272,900 dollars leave behind give adequate supporting for our company. Comp ard with other coffee brands in the industry, we expect to grow faster. In the long-term, we forget consider opening new cafes in antithetic locations throughout Canada. The Company and IndustryBusiness goalsCoffee is more(prenominal) than a crapulence however, it is a memory, anticipation, and a lifetime of consoling moments of modest enjoyment woven into our lives. Coffees success as a beverage undoubtedly owes both to the caffeine it harbors and to its sensory pleasure. Coffee lovers come to associate the kinetic lift of the caffeine with the richness and aroma of the beverage that delivers it. Our Business goal is to make our customers return to the simple concept of coffee, gently enjoying every cup of coffee. We ar planning to open t wo stores in the Vancouver area within three years.The companyMission statementWe want our customers to return to the simple concept of coffee, quietly enjoying every cup of coffee.Vision StatementTo grow the business and protect the rapid development of the enterprise.The IndustryAlthough Canada does not have the proper climate for outgrowth coffee, Canadian- ground firms do import raw materials for processing and resale into domestic and export markets. Coffee manufactured for retail and Food assistance markets has been an important part of food and beverage processing in the country for many years. Coffee is the most hot hot beverage in Canada with a total of 14 billion cups consumed annually. An estimated 64% of Canadians drink coffee each day, which is equal to 6.8 kilograms of green coffee or 12.7 pounds of roasted coffee per head, with 86% of adult coffee drinkers consuming the beverage in the morning or for breakfast. In-home continues to be the dominant place for consump tion with just over half of Canadian consumers (51%) drinking coffee at home.Among adult coffee drinkers, the share of cups (80%) of traditional coffee made at home is eight times higher than the share of cups purchased from the market (11%).57% of coffee purchased at coffee shops. The coffee is to a fault the top beverage in the Canadian Food dish category. Canada has a highly developed away-from-home coffee market and is second only to Italy in highest component of total cups of coffee consumed outside the home. Other consumer demands include information on the origin/source, and locally grown, fair-trade, organic, and green coffee products. The coffee industry has been quick to suffice to this lucrative market, worth about $650 million a year in Canada. Products and ServicesThe Caf Vancouver will proudly offer its customers the best tasting coffee and tea beverages with breakfast style treats in the area. Our highly trained staff with a passion and talent combined will provide the best customer service in competition. The friendly and polite staff will also provide a cozy environment for customers to make them feel home, and every staff instalment will be required to give million dollar smile to our customers. In future, we will be looking forward to train our employees in promote customer and coffee-making services. The products we offer will taste better than anything in the competition. This will be achieved with the high quality ingredients and products, by strictly believing in providing quality.The notice will cover coffee, steeped oddment teas, espresso latte and beverages, classic hot beverages, cold beverages, espresso on ice, sweet baked dandys, yogurt, and grilled sandwiches and wraps. The Caf will be offering innocent(p) books magazine, daily newspaper publisher and WI-FI for eating in clients to make them feel entertained and relaxed. By keeping in mind the importance of internet, we will provide upper berth WI-FI for our customers. in that respect will also be four televisions at display in the caf, which will be playing channels on popular demand. During the convention working hours of our caf thither will always be entertaining music playing for our customers. In future, we will be updating our product and services with the popular demand. With the business plan there is a menu minded(p) below which will provide further details about the products we will offer.MARKET outlineCoffee business in recent years has been a bright spot for those who want tostart-up their own business. While there are a enactment of other businesses out there many categories facing poor sales, negative balance sheets but coffee cafes are continuing to show strong growth. Its very clear that Canadians love coffee continues throughout the year.Target marketThe place for our Caf Vancouver business is located at the intersection of Robson Street and Granville Street, which is in the downtown and one of the best locations for our coff ee-house for opening up our cafe. Downtown is the main part of Vancouver and remains busy all throughout the year. According to our research we found that there is year round tourist activity all across Vancouver plus there are lots of businesses nearby our place. Robson Street is famous for its shopping stores all over Canada. In target market, we will target people from young to senior citizens. At the intersection, there are magnificent auto and pedestrian concern by the place which will give some customers each day. There are busiest areas and Sky train stations near to our place so we can attract local people or travelers passing through Downtown.Market size and trendsAccording to the census 2009 The Robson Street is regarded as a 3rd BIA (business profit area) in Vancouver. The retail and service business is really higher on Robson street because of its popularity and there are 29% eating and drinking places on the Robson street. The retail business is 69% on Robson and 24% in the rest of Great Vancouver. It is one of the biggest shopping destinations in Vancouver. As the target market for our product and service is mainly tourists, local residents, business people, and students. There are 79,140 residents and 145,000 daytime employee bases population density is triple than Vancouver average. The growth for the market had increased from last year because of the groundwork lots of people emigrated there because of business opportunities. According to the census there are 39 commercial properties and 222 businesses on the Robson Street. By targeting all market segments, Caf Vancouver will not focus on one segmentof market like for many other coffee shops. Caf Vancouver will avoid these barriers in business with a customer mix of all segments and in coming years we expect to increase our market share in coffee business.CompetitionCaf Vancouver will unequivocally place itself in the most competitive area of Vancouver downtown. The place chosen for a cafe has competitors such as Blenz coffee, Starbucks, cafe crepe, Tim Hortons, Waves coffee, 7 eleven and Davids tea. It will be challenging to compete with well-established business, but cafe will give most delicious products at very reasonable bells. Our prime competitors (see appendix 1) Blenz coffee (www.blenz.com) Blenz opened their commencement exercise coffee shop in February 1992 on Robson and Bute Street. They are famous for handmade coffee. They have 61 stores in British Columbia. They also are doing business internationally like in Japan and Philippines. Their store cost range from $225,000 to $400,000. Tim Hortons (www.timhortons.com) The Tim Hortons chain was found in 1964 in Hamilton, Ontario.The chains focus on top quality, always fresh product, value, great service and community leadership have allowed it to grow into the largest quick service restaurant chain in Canada specializing in always fresh coffee, baked goods and home-style lunches. Waves coffee (www.wavesco ffee.com) The Waves Coffee House franchise was founded in 2005 at Hastings and Richards Street in downtown Vancouver British Columbia. In 2008, Waves coffee was recognized by the Brand Coaches as the Hottest Brand in Canada. They have also been recognized as the Best of Brands by over 1,500 coffee retailers. Today there are 31 Waves across British Columbia and Alberta with more to come. Starbucks (www.starbucks.ca) Starbucks is one of our prime competitors located near intersection of Robson and Granville. Starbucks is one of biggest coffee companies in North America with headquarters in Seattle, Washington. Starbucks has 20891 stores in 62 countries and 1324 of them are in Canada with generating revenue around $13+billion. Caf crepe (www.cafecrepe.com) Established in 1999 cafe crepe imports tradition of the classic European caf to North America, Caf Crpe specializes in Parisian sweet & savory crpes, French baguette sandwiches, and grilled Italian Panini.As aninternational caf, Caf Crpe also offers world classics like a half pound certified Angus burgers, pommes frites (French fries), thin crust pizza, and a full traditional breakfast menu that includes Eggs Benedict and an exciting motley of omelets, among other specialties. In addition to serving exceptional Italian roasted Lavazza coffee, Caf Crpe is fully licensed, offering a vast choice of alcoholic beverages and cocktails, on with select beers and wines. 7-eleven (www.7-eleven.com) Since 1927, 7 Eleven has grown and evolved into the worlds largest operator, franchisers and licensor of convenience stores. The company operates franchises and licenses more than 8,600 stores in the U.S. and Canada. Of the more than 7,800 stores the company operates and franchises in the United States, more than 6,200 are franchises.Estimated sales and market shareWith the targeting mix that we are foc utilize on, we expect the average of 400 to 600 persons per day during the first year. We have estimated our customer pul monary tuberculosis about $3.5 due to premium pricing on some of the items. We presume that the total cost of sales would be about 14%. We expect the maturation of our sales to 700+ customers per day for the second year of operations. And when the business will be stable and well-known we can reach the level of 800+ customers per day. The Marketing Plan setThere are dissimilar aims of pricing that we will focus onSurvivalProfit maximizationMarket share goals.Pricing Depends on various factorsInternal Factors-Marketing mix strategyCostsExternal Factors-Nature of the marketCompetitionCompetition Based Pricing- We will also be utilise this strategy at some stage when we get a stable number of customers in the market and wherefore we can look at a prices level among our direct competitors, so we can adjust our prices according to that. Marketing Penetration strategy- We can charge slightly less what our direct competitors are charging for the resembling product. The Penetration str ategy is usually used for quickly achieving a high volume of sales and to attract customers. Under this strategy product is widely promoted and price is kept comparatively low. As we will be new in the market, we will definitely go for a penetrating, this way we can have a bond with regular customers and can attract new customers. We created a detailed list of prices which we are passing play to start-up the caf with (see Appendix 2).Advertising and PromotionsNewspaper and Magazines- This will also be a good way of advertising of our product to market. We can promote our latest product in daily or weekly newspaper to give our customers as an offer for the first day of new product. We will be giving ads in local newspaper 45 days in the first place the opening of our Caf. The newspaper charges about $6 per column inch, so an ad that is two columns wide and two inches tall would be $24 for each day. set up Signs in Neighborhood- This is also a unique way to attract customers. The signature of our coffee shop will be placed in different locations, so people can see the ad of new coffee shops and they might come to try something new. For century boards it will cost around $900. mountain out values cheque- We will attract customers by giving value cheque worth $10 to first 100 customers. They will be desirable to redeem the money at any giving point of time. When we open the store, it will create a big attraction to customers. Hand out aeronaut discount offer- We will distribute flyers by dropping it to mail boxes, attaching any discount offer on their first coffee, sandwich or any snack. We will make our flyers on Closest to DL (95mm x 210mm) so it will be inexpensive to make 50 flyers will cost $9.74+ tax. So deoxyguanosine monophosphate flyers will cost $194.80+tax.Social Media- We will alsopromote our caf through social media like Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. We will tweet the promotional offer on twitter, so customers can have an access to discount c oupons online. Website- We will create our website and advertise all our products there, so people can know about our products. There will be some discount coupons on the website, the customer could print it and redeem at any point in the store. It will cost us for a basic website $2500 to $3000 and to manage the website and to develop it $75 to $100 per hour. So this will be less expensive than social media and own company website can give people better option to have a look at our menu and daily or weekly promotions. development planDevelopment statusOur business plan is on developing stage. We have a very good plan to start our business, having the past experience of some partners will help us managing the coffee-house. We are going to direct the place in Vancouver Downtown on the intersection of Robson and Granville. We are planning to start the construction work first, after that we will give priority to the interior work. Next, we will arrange and fit the machines and dishwa shers according to our layout. Along with the customer service we are providing customers with free WI-FI hotspot, dividing line TV and comfortable chairs and couches. So our customers can enjoy their coffee while sitting and watching TV or surfing the Internet.Proprietary issuesThis is the trademark for our caf. It is going to distinguish our service from those who are doing the same business in the market place. The registration of trademark is not mandatory but we are going to establish it before the opening, because it gives us obvious proof of ownership. Furthermore, we are going to test our products like coffee and other eatable items through the CISPR EMC testing laboratory beneath the Canadian standard association plus we will test our caf under UL testing laboratories for safety. After getting the approval, we will give some free samples to potentiality customers for promotion and feed hind end. Operations planLocationThe coffee shop will be at Granville and Robson Stre et in Vancouver Downtown (see Appendix 3). It would be an excellent place with constant shoppers during the week plus business people and people who work in Downtown during weekdays. The coffee shop will be handily in the heart of the most popular shopping area in Vancouver and close to the Vancouver City Centre Sky Train station, which would allow attracting more fare people. Due to the enormous market size, the growth at this area rate would be considerable. The Vancouver Caf will give highly comfortable seats for 24 customers with hours of operation from 6AM to 8PM.FacilitiesThe total space available for the caf of 600 sq. feet will offer the space for a lounge seating area, fireplace, bookshelf, back room, handicap-accessible washroom, and kitchen (See Appendix 4). The premises are available for lease at an asking rate of $30 per square foot, net. The total annual rent would be equal to $180,000, which equates to $15,000 per month, as the listing agent informed us that the l essor is willing to reduce the monthly fall inment from $18,000 to $15,000. We will be eligible for the discount in case of a lease contract for at to the lowest degree three years term. The lessee will be expected to give a personal guarantee together with a security deposit of $10,000.EquipmentTo start-up our business, a course of equipment are required. As mentioned in the Development section, we will need to buy a list of equipment costing in total of $ 28,344 (see Appendix 5). All the equipment will be brand new and prices listed include delivery and setting in place. All the items will be purchased from Stealth Coffee Systems Inc. As we already negotiated, we would be eligible for an additional discount of 5%, if the amount will be paid within 90 days after the purchase. So, the estimated amount with discount will be paid for the equipment equals to $26,927. The installation of the equipment will cost us additional $ 25,000. Lead time for the delivery of the equipment is t hree to four weeks. The equipment will be amortized by using the straight-line method with an estimated useful lifeof 15 years.Supply ChainPacific Coffee Roasters has been chosen to be the primary supplier for the best specialty coffee. The company is conveniently located in Downtown, close to our coffee shop. Pacific Coffee Roasters is a broad line coffee distributor which will touch all our supply needs. The inventory will be checked twice a week to make sure that we have enough in back stock. The entire inventory will be placed by dates of receiving to follow the first in first out system. We are expecting to place indian lodges and receive new inventory on a weekly basis.Human ResourcesTo operate the coffee shop we will need to hire six splits to split them up in two teams (see Appendix 6). The previous restaurant experience will be required, but exceptions can be made. All the hired employees will receive an encompassing training. Later, for new employees we will use on-th e-job training technique to increase their performance and decrease the time of the training. A starting wage for a cashier will be $10.25 per hour also we will use a bonus system based on the employees performance.Management teamIs the omnibus of the Vancouver Caf and will be responsible for overall operation of the business. Head received a degree in Economics from the Russian Far Eastern University in 2006. In addition, he is currently pursuing a Business Management Diploma at Douglas College and he will graduate from the program in declination 2014. Head has an extensive experience in strategic planning, as he had been working for a production company in Russia from 2006 to 2012 as a preparedness Manager. . is the Vancouver Cafs Supervisor of Team 1 and will be in charge of running day-to-day operations. During peak hours, he will be helping to his staff. Supervisor1 currently studies at Douglas College on Business Management program and will graduatein December 2014. He has 4 years experience in the restaurant industry, as he worked at coffee shops in Vancouver. His experience varies from a cashier to a supervisor of the coffee shop. Through the work experience he received a sufficient amount of expertise to run the cafs operations. He will be responsible for the hiring and training all the caf employees. At this position, Supervisor1 will report to the Cafe Manager. . is the Vancouver Cafs Supervisor of Team 2 and will be in charge of running day-to-day operations. Supervisor2 currently studies at Douglas College on Business Administration program and will graduate in August 2014. He has 2 years experience in the restaurant industry. He will be supervising his staff and helping out during peak hours. He will be responsible for the purchase of supplies and management of the supply base. At this position, Supervisor2 will report to the Cafe Manager.SWOT AnalysisOpening a coffee caf is not about knowing the difference between mocha, latte, and cappuccino but often more than this little part. Creating a SWOT analysis identifying the good, bad and potential ugly, our customers, overcoming the competing coffee shops and strengthening our merchandise plan for our business is essential before piteous forward.StrengthsEasy to get financing.Easy to start up business.New talents from partners.Extensive beverage menu.Cost leadership.Value based customer service.Location.WeaknessesLack of experience.Unknown company history and background.Divided authority.Number of competitors in the market.Too many products to start with.OpportunitiesContinuously expanding.Bring in different types of drinks from different parts of world. Expand into franchisee based business.Joint venture with different business organizations (e.g. Gas stations, grocery stores, cinemas and many more that can allow our coffee shop in their business ). carry keen investors into the business to expand.International markets.Online market.ThreatsHigh risk of failure.Confli cts might occur between partners in the future.Status as an independent coffee shop.Change in coffee trends.Recession.Rises in the price of raw materials. paucity of specific coffee beans from suppliers as demanded by the market. Change in technology in operating coffee making equipments. Change in government policies.Implementation scheduleAn implementation schedule ensures the accomplishment of each stage of the business plan. The development plan was shared into four phases the sign phase, commencement phase, semi completion, and final phase. The team was successful in creating a business plan after a months collective effort. The commencement phase will begin after the initial stage. During this phase the business will be registered and thus the company becomeseligible to take financial help from a financial organization. Semi completion stage will begin after two weeks. During this phase, the process of staff recruitment, menu preparation, marketing and advertising strategies will be carried out under the guidance of experts. This phase takes a month and a half. The final phase will begin at once after the semi completion phase. This phase consists of deciding the interior theme, furniture, appliances and other facilities to be provided at the caf. Financial planFunding RequestedIn coiffure to start our business, the capital cost would be covered under the fixtures and equipment, installation of the fixtures and equipment and decorating which are 26,927, 25,000, and 10,000, respectively, for a total of 61,927. Basically, we are doing our financing from debt and equity investment which The Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce (CIBC) has agreed to finance a large portion of this expenditure.Our 90 % of the Capital cost is covered by CIBC by using the government-granted Canada Small Business Financing Act (CSBFA) program. Interest rate would be prime plus 4.25 per cent, which includes a 1.25 per cent administration fee paid to the national government. We will do monthly payment up to seven years in order to pay all the debt. CIBC has agreed to a loan for $ 178,090 which covers restoration expenses, personal guarantee from the owner for 25 % of the loan amount.The owner is planning that the balance of the funding will come via a $ 19,787 remaining balance, allowing him a 100 % of the common shares in the corporation.Financial ProjectionCaf Vancouver is expected to make a profit of $ 168,200 in its first year of operations, which is a good indication for the company. The $657,000 is estimated for the first year sales figures falls way above the breakeven point by $186,787(where as B-even is $470,213). Not only this, as indicatedin the cash flow projection, the initial CIBC loan and $19,787 equity investment give the operation more than adequate cash flow. This gives an opportunity to our business to repay the loan faster.Risk FactorsIn order to start a new business venture, there are many risks that must be taking into consideration. Below are the some of the risks associated with caf business 1. excitement Safety Caf Vancouver will limit the impact of a fire by ensuring the business has compensation, insurance protection, including adequate business premises insurance as well as business interruption insurance. 2. Inadequate Capital Despite of a solid business plan many Cafe fails because they lack adequate funding and planning. So to decrease these risk Cafe Vancouver is planning to have several months of funding to cover the costs of salaries, food and bills. 3. Food Safety Concerns If any customer becomes injured on the premises or where an illness is attributed to product the $ 1,000,000 compressive general liability insurance coverage will insure the business has adequate liability. 4. Shortage of supply This risk is considered as not important because there are wide variety of suppliers in downtown might be chosen in case of shortages with supply.Divestiture/Harvest StrategyIn case of any quarrel, any p artner wants to exit the business or if sales cannot be made then the assets of the business will be sold off individually. Firstly, company will try to sell this commercial coffee making equipment locally but if the quenched arranged cannot be made locally then the equipment will be sold over the internet. The money from selling this equipment will be used to pay off the debt obligation of the business and remaining money will be paid to the owner.However, this is not supposed to happen because the concept has significant upside latent, builds good market share. If everything goes according to the plan, it is expected to attract the attention of large national. The ownerwould sell the business only and only if a healthy profit is given by a buyer.

Air Pollution

Imagine that the direct that you are ventilation system may be killing you well, no need to Imagine as this is the ugly truth. Air befoulment is an intractable problem that we have noticed since the industrial revolution and it has increased over the years to give out one of our times biggest issues. While some phone line befoulment is a result of native causes such as vol atomic number 50ic eruptions, most is caused by human activities. The first major cause of air pollution is car exhausts which lead to about 50 % of the total air pollution.The second major pollutant is atomic number 7 oxides. And last is Sulpher dioxide. But wait.. Those three are not just the only air pollutants, the causes bottom of the inning be many to name, e. g. fertilizer dust, cement dust, pesticides etc The health effects caused by air pollutants can be drastic. Doctors and researchers have uncovered several diseases that seem to be caused by air pollution, including asthma, lung cancer and hea rt diseases. along with harming human health, air pollution can cause a variety of environmental effects, e. g. cid rain, ozone depletion, crop and timber damage and global climate change. There are now various air pollution retain technologies and strategies available to help reduce it, People are encouraged now more than ever in the first place to use non-polluting renewable forms of energy and lots of countries have established new legislation concern the aegis of the environment. In conclusion, I feel that all the previous solutions go some way to offering a lasting solution to the problem of air pollution and hope to prove workable soon in front its too late for us and for our planet.Air PollutionImagine that the air that you are external respiration may be killing you well, no need to Imagine as this is the ugly truth. Air pollution is an intractable problem that we have noticed since the industrial revolution and it has increased over the years to get going one of our times biggest issues. While some air pollution is a result of graphic causes such as volcanic eruptions, most is caused by human activities. The first major cause of air pollution is car exhausts which lead to about 50 % of the total air pollution.The second major pollutant is atomic number 7 oxides. And last is Sulpher dioxide. But wait.. Those three are not just the only air pollutants, the causes can be many to name, e. g. fertilizer dust, cement dust, pesticides etc The health effects caused by air pollutants can be drastic. Doctors and researchers have uncovered several diseases that seem to be caused by air pollution, including asthma, lung cancer and heart diseases. along with harming human health, air pollution can cause a variety of environmental effects, e. g. cid rain, ozone depletion, crop and timbre damage and global climate change. There are now various air pollution controller technologies and strategies available to help reduce it, People are encouraged now more than ever onward to use non-polluting renewable forms of energy and lots of countries have established new legislation concern the security of the environment. In conclusion, I feel that all the previous solutions go some way to offering a lasting solution to the problem of air pollution and hope to prove workable soon to begin with its too late for us and for our planet.

Positive and Negative Impact of Genetically Modified Food Essay

Genetically change (GM) foods be foods derived from organisms whose transmissible material (DNA) has been special in a way that does not occur naturally, e.g. done the introduction of a factor from a different organism. Currently available GM foods stem for the most part from kit and boodles, but in the future foods derived from GM microorganisms or GM animals are likely to be introduced on the market. Most existing genetically modified crops have been developed to improve yield, through the introduction of granting immunity to go down diseases or of increased tolerance of herbicides. In the future, genetic modification could be aimed at altering the nutrient content of food, reducing its allergenic authorization, or improving the efficiency of food production systems. tout ensemble GM foods should be assessed before being allowed on the market. FAO/WHO Codex guidelines exist for run a risk analysis of GM food.Positive and Negative Impacts Genetically Modified regimen Has on the WorldThe term genetically modified food, also known as genetically modified organisms, is most comm besides used to cite to crop plants created for human or animal consumption using the latest molecular biology techniques. The moderateness these plants are being modified today is to enhance desired traits such as increased underground to herbicides (pesticides used to kill unwanted plants) or improved nutritional content. In order to create these genetically modified foods, scientists must introduce specific changes to their DNA by using extremely precise genetic engineering techniques. While there are some benefits that genetically modified foods may offer, there are also some risks and negative affects that these foods can cause as well.Genetically modified foods have been implemental in many aspects of the world. Firstly, they have the ability to help meet the growing demands for food supply as the world population has topped 6 billion people and is predicted to dou ble in the next 50 years or so. Ensuring enough food supply for this booming population is going to be a major struggle in years to come, and genetically modified foods forget help do this in a number of ways. Forexample, crop losses from insect pests can be shocking, resulting in devastating fiscal loss for farmers and starvation in developing countries. By growing genetically modified foods such as B.T. corn, farmers can help eliminate the production of chemical pesticides that cause potential wellness hazards, and there will be high crop yields that many experts argue can help to feed people in these countries. In addition to this, plants can be genetically modified to be resistant to bacterial, fungal or viral infestation. For example, sweet potatoes have been modified to improve viral resistance, and bananas have been modified to resist the dark Sigatoka fungus. Growing genetically modified foods will therefore lead to less continues Harmful Effects of the elementGeneticall y modified organisms (GMOs) are a broad group of plants, animals, and bacteria that are engineered for a good variety of applications ranging from agricultural production to scientific research. The types of potential hazards posed by GMOs vary harmonise to the type of organism being modified and its intended application. Most of the repair surrounding GMOs relates to their potential for negative effectuate on the environment and human health. Because GMOs that could directly effect human health are primarily products that can enter the human food supply, this website focuses on genetically modified food. To date, the only types of products that have been approved for human consumption in the U.S. are genetically modified plants (FDA website). All genetically modified foods that have been approved are considered by the government to be as safe as their handed-down counterparts and are generally unregulated (FDA website). However, there are several types of potential health eff ects that could result from the insertion of a novel gene into an organism. Health effects of primary concern to base hit assessors are production of in the altogether allergens, increased toxicity, decreased nutrition, and antibiotic resistance (Bernstein et al., 2003).Food AllergyFood Allergy affects approximately 5% of children and 2% of adults in the U.S. and is a significant public health curse (Bakshi, 2003). Allergic reactions in humans occur when a normally harmless protein enters the body and stimulates an immune receipt (Bernstein et al., 2003). If the novelprotein in a GM food comes from a source that is know to cause allergies in humans or a source that has never been consumed as human food, the concern that the protein could elicit an immune response in humans increases. Although no allergic reactions to GM food by consumers have been confirmed, in vitro evidence suggesting that some GM products could cause an allergic reaction has motivated biotechnology companies to discontinue their exploitation (Bakshi, 2003).Increased ToxicityMost plants build substances that are toxic to humans. Most of the plants that humans consume produce toxins at levels low enough that they do not produce any adverse health effects. thither is concern that inserting an exotic gene into a plant could cause it to produce toxins at high levels that could be dangerous to humans. This could happen through the process of inserting the gene into the plant. If other genes in the plant become disgraced during the insertion process it could cause the plant to alter its production of toxins. Alternatively, the refreshed gene could interfere with a metabolic pathway causing a stressed plant to produce more toxins in response. Although these effects have not been observed in GM plants, they have been observed through conventional replica methods creating a safety concern for GM plants. For example, potatoes conventionally bred for increased diseased resistance have produc ed higher levels of glycoalkaloids (GEO-PIE website).Decreased Nutritional ValueA genetically modified plant could theoretically have dismount nutritional quality than its traditional counterpart by making nutrients unavailable or indigestible to humans. For example, phytate is a compound common in seeds and grains that binds with minerals and makes them unavailable to humans. An inserted gene could cause a plant to produce higher levels of phytate decreasing the mineral nutritional value of the plant (GEO-PIE). Another example comes from a study presentation that a strain of genetically modified soybean produced lower levels of phytoestrogen compounds, believed to protect against heart disease and cancer, than traditional soybeans (Bakshi, 2003).Antibiotic resistanceIn recent years health professionals have become alarmed by the increasing number of bacterial strains that are showing resistance to antibiotics. Bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics by creating antibiotic resi stance genes through natural mutation. Biotechnologists use antibiotic resistance genes as selectable markers when inserting new genes into plants. In the early stages of the process scientists do not know if the target plant will incorporate the new gene into its genome. By attaching the desired gene to an antibiotic resistance gene the new GM plant can be tested by growing it in a solution containing the corresponding antibiotic. If the plant survives scientists know that it has taken up the antibiotic resistance gene along with the desired gene. There is concern that bacteria living in the guts of humans and animals could pick up an antibiotic resistance gene from a GM plant before the DNA becomes completely digested (GEO-PIE website). It is not clear what sort of risk the possibility of conferring antibiotic resistance to bacteria presents. No one has ever observed bacteria incorporating new DNA from the digestive system under controlled laboratory conditions. The two types of a ntibiotic resistance genes used by biotechnologists are ones that already exist in bacteria in nature so the process would not introduce new antibiotic resistance to bacteria. Never the less it is a concern and the FDA is encouraging biotechnologists to phase out the practice of using antibiotic resistance genes (GEO-PIE website).

American Writers Essay

admission This is a kind of work that I like very much to do because of help me to hark back and memorize everything that I learned and help me to broaden my vocabulary. In this daybook Im passing to do a brief analysis of everything that I learned in classes, poems, films, magazines, authors, books and other things. My objectives in this journal argon not only get a good mark simply also, as I mencioned, learned something else. So, enjoy this travel Introduction to Poetry by Billy collins 18/09/2012. twain Trains Running by Tony Hoagland 18/09/2012 What is verse line? 20/09/2012 Poetry is a form of writing in which the author chooses the length of the lines, and not the publisher. Terry Eagletor High Windows by Philip Larkin 20/09/2012 songs about writing song 25/09/2012 Purity by Billy Collins I go back to May 1937 by Sharon Olds 25/09/2012 Paradelle for Susan by Billy Collins 25/09/2012 Duck/Rabbit by Billy Collins 25/09/2012 Factors that influenced interpretation 2/10/201 2 Example The Sick Rose by William Blake.Satan Says (Pitt poetry series) Sharon Olds (1980) 4/10/2012 The sisters of sexual treasure First night Indictment of Senior Officers Satan says Tricks The run-in of the brag Night terrors Late The housewives watching morning TV Prayer The Dead and the Living Sharon Olds (1984) Poem to my first lover New mother The Unswept Room Sharon Olds (2002) His Costume Blood, Tin, Straw- 1999 16/10/2012 Coming of Age, 1966 by Sharon Olds The Toilet by Gcina Mhlophe 18/10/2012.Extract of a novel irritating Weekend by Helen Zahavi 23/10/2012 Introduction to the Sherman Alexies book Flight 6/11/2012 Chapter 1 and 2 Chapters 3 to 10 of Flight by Sherman Alexie 8/11/2012 Magazine primal Peoples 8/11/2012 Flight is supposed to be beautiful . Its supposed to be pure. 13/11/2012 Movie War Party by Franc Roddam 15/11/2012 literary and non-literary texts J M Coetzee- The Life and Times of Michael K Toni Morrison- A Mercy Anita Heiss- Avoiding Mr. Right Zane G rey- The Spirit of the Border.Stephen King- The wolves of the Calla Literary texts A Mercy by Toni MorrisonThe Wolves of the Calla by Stephen KingThe Spirit of the Border by Zane GreyThese, are literary texts because express the inner and subjective reality of the author, allows various interpretations and not intended to inform but recreate the reality. Feminism 18/10/2012 In a different voiceCarol Gilligan writing a womans life Carolin Heilbrun Ariel Sylvia Plath As Novas Cartas Portuguesas Maria Teresa Horta

China Currency Exchange Rate Essay

The currency regime adopted by mainland china is neither fixed nor flexible exchange rate dust. China has announced in 2005 the finis of its firm peg against the dollar, instead allowing it to trade within a narrow band against a handbasket of currencies. China regime is managed floating constitution where the currency gains very slowly socio-economic class by year and the China government prevent the currency from changing quickly in the short term. The reason why Chinese government intervene in the currency market is to lower exchange rate to increase employment, watch a fixed rate to maintain stability and improve their current account deficit.China government manage its currency rate by buying extraneous currencies to increase supply of China currency, on that pointfore lowering its currency value. They in any case lower the value of its currency by lowering their concern rates.In the case of China, it is very difficult and challenging for them to adopt the fixed exchan ge rate trunk due to their disadvantages. Firstly, China government must always adjust its interest rate so maintain the exchange rate. Changing the interest rate frequently will cause fluctuations in investments and growth and also stable employment.There is also a possibility that the export rate may be format at the wrong level. For example, if it was set at a higher level, this could affect China export battle and their domestic market will suffer.Question 4bThough China has been heavily criticised by some foreign countries like USA for their practice, there are some advantages to managed flow system. Firstly, the managed flow system will hear stability in China compared to floating. This is because if China suddenly appreciate their currency, their exports production will suffer and there will be lots of unemployment as a result.However there are disadvantages to managed floating system as well. People will try to challenge the earn funds from the currency as this system is very prone to speculative attack. Experiences have shown that speculative attacks could decrease the growth of a countrys gross domestic product by 6 percent or more.

Ma Earth Essay

Ans1. eelpout before being a marketing manager she loved the ships company and its fruits. And not only because of its products but also because of their values, that they promised to use all natural ingredients and also ensured that they wouldnt harm the planet. scarcely in reality the apologue was different. When she was given the responsibility of campaigning one of its product Ore Essentials, she came to know that the story behind growing the product is quite different. Ma Earth Skin Care was using a different strategy to maintain its image in the market. The company was paying the tribes neither for growing the product there nor for purchasing.They were actually buying its product at a cheap rate from a mainstream supplier. scarcely the company wants to convey its message to the nodes that the product is very precious and rare, and they get it only from the tribal area. So this was the ethical issue Heather was facing. She wasnt ready to accept the way the company was mar keting its product. If Heather shows its customers how the company is getting its resources for the Ore Essentials i.e. if she tells them that though the company says that it gets its resources from the tribes but in reality it doesnt, this would cross a marches into unethical territory. Whereas if Heather supports the company i.e. if she shows that the company gets its resources from the tribes rather than showing the actual truth, it can be considered ethical.Ans2. From the customer point of view, the company was fulfilling its corporate social responsibility by paying the tribes for their salubriousbeing in effect for their effort to grow the plants and maintaining them. The company provided the tribal people a school, a health clinic as well as food and clothing. This way the company is effective in practicing its social responsibility. But even though the company is supporting the tribal people, they are cheating its customers by showing false claims. This way the company is not fulfilling its social responsibility.